Currently, several policies and directives require monitoring and assessment of the status of marine waters, e.g. the Water Framework Directive, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, the Habitats and Birds Directives, the Biodiversity Strategy, the Nature Conservation Act, etc. in Europe. In some cases, invasive species are an important issue when studying biodiversity, and in this context, artificial intelligence and citizen science can help researchers to get early warning signals to manage the problems they can cause.
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